Deviation finder



B. GRANVILLE DEVIATION FINDER March 23, 1937.

lorigirm Filed Jne 15, 19

52 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 NvEN-[OR BY f L ATTORNEY IQ ldlmw hl/f4 111.11

lll/lll M W :T i v 6 Q 1 Svi March 23, 1937. B. GRANVILLE DEVIATION FINDER Original Filed June l5, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 23, 1937 UNITED STATES 6 Claims.

This invention relates to devices for indicating deviation in well drilling operations, or bore holes. With regard to certain more specic features it relates to devices by which the operation of drilling a relatively deep well or hole may be checked periodically, to determine whether there has been a deviation, either from the vertical or from the angle chosen at which to bore the hole, and ii so the amount and direction of such deviation.

The invention aims to produce a simple, durable and highly efIlcient device by which the deviation of a bore in the earth may be determined. both with respect to the amount of deviation from the vertical and the direction of such deviation with reference to the magnetic meridian, and which shall give quickly and conveniently accurate infomation, and give such infomation even of slight deviations.

Other objects will be in part obvious, and in part pointed out particularly, as this description proceeds.

The invention accordingly consists in the various features of construction, combinations of elements and arrangements of parts, which -will be exemplified by the construction and mode of operation hereinafter set forth, and which will be pointed out particularly in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings wherein is shown one of various possible embodiments of the invention:

Fig. 1 is a vertical central section through an improved deviation indicator in position therein and also in vertical central section. Fis. 2 is a vertical central section of certain operating parts of the deviation indicator shown in Fig. 1 indicating a position assumed by these parts when there is deviation in the hole being drilled. Fig. 3 is a view in cross section, taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1.

AFig. 4 is a view in cross section, taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a view partly in vertical section, showing the application of the recording part of the device that is lowered into the well, after it has been removed from the well and associated with protractors.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a view in cross section,.taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a view in perspective of a portion of the recording unit; the. float, and the magnetic needle arranged thereon.

oil well in process of construction, showing the PATENT ori-'ICE DEVIATION FINDER Bernard Granville, Brooklyn, N. Y.

appunti :uns 15,1932, semi No. 011,302

Renewed Aulill 8, 1936 Fig. 9 is a view in cross section, taken on line 9--9 Fig. 5.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, an exterior cylindrical jacket or tube is indicated at III. This tube may be twelve or four- 5 teen feet or more in length. It has a screwthreaded upper end closure cap II, formed with a grip I2 by which it may be associated with a cable C for insertion and withdrawal of the tube Ill relatively to the well. The lower end of the 10 tube is closed by a quick-detachable cap I3, connected by a bayonet joint Il. The tube is guided and centralized in4 its movement into and out of the well W by a series of upper rollers I5, carried on spring ngers I6, and a series of lower rollers 15 I1, carried on spring fingers I8.

The tube I0 encloses and supports the improved recording device and its actuating mechanism, which are enclosed in a barrel 20, having quick-detachable end closures 2| and 22. The bayonet joint connections are indicated at 23 and 23'. The barrel is provided with an upper universal mounting 2.4, for a removable cup 25. The mounting comprises gimbals 25, carrying a metal holder 21, which is tted with an asbestos jacket 28. The cup 25 is preferably of glass and is quickdetachably held in the asbestos jacket and holder 21 by spring clips 29 secured to the holder 21 at 30. The clips may be spread to permit introduction and removal of the glass cup. 30

The barrel 20 has also a lower universal mounting comprising gimbals 3|, within which a. ball portion 32 of the rigid arm 34 of a pendulum or plumb, 33 is arranged for universal movement relative to the barrel. The pendulum arm 34 ex- 35 tends above the ball joint 32 and has at its upper end a ball 35 which extends into and engages the bore of a depending bored projection 36 on holder 21. By reason of the much greater distance between the ball joint 32 and the connection beo tween the upper end of the arm 3l and holder 21 than between such connection and the universal mounting 2l, there is a multiplication of the movement imparted to the holder 31, preferably in the proportion of 5 to 1. This results 45 in pronounced tilting of the cup 25 even though the deviation of the barrel 2|) from the vertical may be only slight. To advantage, the holder 21 and cup 25 are, as shown, so positioned with relation to the gimbals 2| that the center oi gravity 5g of these parts together is coincident with or near the point about which the cup turns in its mounting. So posiy ioned, the holder and cup have little or no restraining action on the pendulum 3l.

The cup 25 is adapted to contain the recording 55 which may be wax or any other suitable material adapted lto be introduced in fluid from and subsequently congealed or soiidiied at prevailing temperatures in the well. Preferably,l

what is known in the trade as scale wax. having a melting temperature of 120 Fahrenheit. is used. This wax is furnished in pellets containing a certain number of ounces, and one of these pellets is placed in the glass container 25 and l0 heated vto approximately 200 Fahrenheit, or above. 'I'he wax in its fluid for is indicated at 4l.

A magnetic needle 45 is loosely mounted on a pin 45, which Projects from a float 41, preferably of balsa wood. The float has diametrically opposed bail-shaped wire pieces 48. It has also a central wire loop 49 the ends of which are embedded in the wood of the float and the loop of which passes over a cap 50 on the needle 45 thereby holdingthe needle against vertical displacement from its pin 4i.

After the wax-in the glass cup has been heated as described. the iioat 46 is deposited in the wax. The wire pieces. tend to locate the oat centrally in the cup and the magnetic needle 25 has a small depending wire 5| at its north end, which dips substantially into'the iiuid wax. 'I'his engagement is not, however, sufilcient to prevent the needle from assuming its true magnetic position while the wax remains uid.

The cup is then deposited in the upper universal mounting ofthe barrel 20, and the upper end closure 2l is bayonet-locked in position. Both end closures of the barrel have projecting stems and 5|. The upper stem 50 is inserted through 3 an aperturem apartmon szintnetube lo. The

lower stem 5| is embraced by an upwardly extending sleeve on the lower end closure I3 of the tube Ill. Coil springs 55 and 51 surround stems 59 and 5| and both are compressed slightly as the barrel 29 is arranged in position within the tube III. 'Ihe lower closure I3 of tube I0 has a downwardly extending sleeve 99 loosely receiving the upper end of a pin 99 surrounded by coil In the operation o f the device, the outer Jacket I5 is rst dropped down to the bottom of without the barrel 24 but with a recordfastened on the inside of the Inafewmcments the tubeiswithdrawn the temperature noted. This will determine type of wax or other soiidiifying material chistobeused. 'Ihenthetubeisequipped all its parts. as shown in Fig. 1 and lowered tothebottomof wellasrarasthedrillingopll I I ne met ation in the bore the cup 25 will assume a position inclined from the horizontal due to the retention of its vertical position by the pendulum 33 as indicated in Fig. 2 but the gradually solidifying wax and the oat 4l will retain their horizontal levels. 'Ihe device is then removed from the well, the barrel extracted from the tube and the glass cup removed from the barrel. The cup is then placed in a protractor stand 90 on a perfectly level table and the needle is aligned with dlametrically opposed 180 graduation marks on a scale graduated in degrees from 0 to 180 on the two halves thereof. A large vertical protractor instrument 9| with a swinging pendulum 82 is then placed diametrically of the cup on the upper surface of the solidied wax, in the vertical plane and moved angularly until the point is reached where the dip appears to be the greatest. (See Eg. 5 of the drawings.) 'I'he dip may be determined in degrees by reading the index pointer 83 against the scale 54. If the deviation appears as 10 as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, the reading is corrected for the ampliication due to the elongated pendulum arm and the actual deviation is determined as 2. 'Ihe direction of maximum dip with respect to the magnetic meridian is determined by the relation of a pointer 85 with a horizontal index 85.

It thus appears that the cup 25 and its solidified wax containing a magnetic needle, constitute an exact and permanent record of conditions in the well, not only in respect to the amount of deviation from the vertical but also in respect to the geographical direction of the deviation.

Means are provided on the vertical protractor for frictionally setting the pointer 53'in the position which it is caused to assume by its application to the inclined upper surface oi' the solidified wax. This means is shown in Fig. 9 of the drawings as constituting the spring nger riveted to a metal strap 9| which is spaced from the face oi' the protractor and bolted at either end, as indicated at 92. This strap serves also as a support for an outer bearing for the pivot shaft 94 of the indicator finger. A set screw 95 may be turned up against the spring linger 90 causing it to bear against a hub 95 of theindlcator, thereby forcing the hub against the vertical face of the protractor and setting it frictionally in position.

The barrel and tube and all associated parts are constructed of non-magnetic material so as not to interfere with or prevent the proper opera- Preferably the material is brass and the lower end of the operating cable C may be of strong manila hemp.

The glass cup 25 may be formed with a thread 9| on its wall near the upper edge, to receive a threaded closure cap 99 having a central knob |55. After the material in the cup is heated the closure cap may be threaded in position on the cup and thereafter the assembly may be handled by the knob IIII to introduce and remove it from the universal moun 'I'he closure caphas the additioml advantage of conilining the heat in the cup and against premature solidication of the material therein.

`Any substantial deviationin adrill hole canbe readily detected by the use of the present device. In practice the drilling may be checked every two or three hundred feet of depth.- If it is found that the bore is commencing to deviate. a whipstock, which is cam-sha weiland the drill turned back into correct position.

,maybeinsertedinthev What is claimed is:

l. In a device for testing a drilling operation to determine deviation of the bore, a barrel mounted for coaxial arrangement in the bore, a

5 pendulum universally mounted in the barrel, a container for solidiable iluid, said container being universally mounted in the barrel, and said pendulum and container being so connected that movement of said barrel relative to the pendulum l is amplified in transmission to said container.

2. A deviation indicator for use with well drilling apparatus, comprising a barrel and means for lowering the rbarrel into the well, a cup universally mounted in the barrel, a pendulum universally l mounted in the barrel and controlling the position of said cup on its mounting, and a iluid material in said cup having the capacity of becoming solid at.well temperatures; the said pendulum comprisng a relatively long arm above its mounting engaging the universal mounting for the cup.

3. In a device for testing a drilling operation to determine deviation ot the bore, a removable container for liquid solidiiiable at bore temperatures, a universal mounting i'or said container, means for lowering the mounting into a bore and removing it therefrom, and means for ,amplifying the movement of said container as the bore deviates from the vertical.

4. In a device lor testing a drilling operation to determine deviation or the bore, a barrel mounted for coaxial arrangement in the bore,l a pendulum universally mounted in the barrel and provided with an arm extending vertically upwards from the pivotal mounting thereof, a container for 5* solidiflable uid, said container being universally mounted in the barrel, and the upper end of said rasant No. 2,074,692.

Office.

arm engaging the lower part of said container at a point much nearer the point about which the container turnsl than the pivotal mounting of the "pendulum, whereby the angular movement of the barrel due to inclination oi' the bore produces an amplified angular movement of the container.

5. In a device for testing a drilling operation to determine deviation of the bore, a barrel mounted for coaxial arrangement in the bore, a pendulum universally mounted in the barrel and provided with an arm extending vertically upwards from the pivotal mounting thereof, a container for solidiiiable fluid, said container being universally mounted in the barrel with its center'of gravity adjacent the point about which the container turns, and the upper end of said arm engaging the lower part of said container at a point much nearer the point about which the container turns than the pivotal mounting of the pendulum, whereby the container has substantially no pendulum action of its own and the angular movement oi the barrel due to inclination of the bore produces an amplified angular movement of the container.

6. In a device for testing a drilling operation to determine deviation of the bore, a cup mounting, a cup universally mounted in said mounting and containing a material adapted to solidify at bore temperatures, a pendulum, and connections between the cup andthe pendulum, the pivotal point of the pendulum being chosen with respect to its length so that upon slight movement ol the cup mounting relative to the pendulum amplied movement is transmitted to the cup.

BERNARD GRANVILLE.

, CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

March 23, 1937.

BERNARD'GRANVIhLEf.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

second column, line 3 2, after the-'word "pendulum" insert a comme.; page 2, first column, line 2,- for "from" read form; line 11, for "for" read form; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Page 1.

Signed and sealed this 24th day of August, A. D. 193'?.

Leslie' Frazer Acting Commissionerv of Patents.

What is claimed is:

l. In a device for testing a drilling operation to determine deviation of the bore, a barrel mounted for coaxial arrangement in the bore, a

5 pendulum universally mounted in the barrel, a container for solidiable iluid, said container being universally mounted in the barrel, and said pendulum and container being so connected that movement of said barrel relative to the pendulum l is amplified in transmission to said container.

2. A deviation indicator for use with well drilling apparatus, comprising a barrel and means for lowering the rbarrel into the well, a cup universally mounted in the barrel, a pendulum universally l mounted in the barrel and controlling the position of said cup on its mounting, and a iluid material in said cup having the capacity of becoming solid at.well temperatures; the said pendulum comprisng a relatively long arm above its mounting engaging the universal mounting for the cup.

3. In a device for testing a drilling operation to determine deviation ot the bore, a removable container for liquid solidiiiable at bore temperatures, a universal mounting i'or said container, means for lowering the mounting into a bore and removing it therefrom, and means for ,amplifying the movement of said container as the bore deviates from the vertical.

4. In a device lor testing a drilling operation to determine deviation or the bore, a barrel mounted for coaxial arrangement in the bore,l a pendulum universally mounted in the barrel and provided with an arm extending vertically upwards from the pivotal mounting thereof, a container for 5* solidiflable uid, said container being universally mounted in the barrel, and the upper end of said rasant No. 2,074,692.

Office.

arm engaging the lower part of said container at a point much nearer the point about which the container turnsl than the pivotal mounting of the "pendulum, whereby the angular movement of the barrel due to inclination oi' the bore produces an amplified angular movement of the container.

5. In a device for testing a drilling operation to determine deviation of the bore, a barrel mounted for coaxial arrangement in the bore, a pendulum universally mounted in the barrel and provided with an arm extending vertically upwards from the pivotal mounting thereof, a container for solidiiiable fluid, said container being universally mounted in the barrel with its center'of gravity adjacent the point about which the container turns, and the upper end of said arm engaging the lower part of said container at a point much nearer the point about which the container turns than the pivotal mounting of the pendulum, whereby the container has substantially no pendulum action of its own and the angular movement oi the barrel due to inclination of the bore produces an amplified angular movement of the container.

6. In a device for testing a drilling operation to determine deviation of the bore, a cup mounting, a cup universally mounted in said mounting and containing a material adapted to solidify at bore temperatures, a pendulum, and connections between the cup andthe pendulum, the pivotal point of the pendulum being chosen with respect to its length so that upon slight movement ol the cup mounting relative to the pendulum amplied movement is transmitted to the cup.

BERNARD GRANVILLE.

, CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

March 23, 1937.

BERNARD'GRANVIhLEf.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

second column, line 3 2, after the-'word "pendulum" insert a comme.; page 2, first column, line 2,- for "from" read form; line 11, for "for" read form; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Page 1.

Signed and sealed this 24th day of August, A. D. 193'?.

Leslie' Frazer Acting Commissionerv of Patents. 

